I don't want to give too detailed an explanation but for encryption using MD5 (or RC4) as with ACCDB/ACCDE encryption, the password can only be retrieved by 'brute force attack'. However the time needed for that is likely to be prohibitively large.
An alternative approach is therefore used using 'rainbow tables'. These are tables which have been prepared using a very large number of passwords/hash keys. The decrypter can work through each of these in turn relatively quickly and if it finds a match, the hash is decrypted.
Such tools will only 'succeed' if the hash key / password is contained in the 'rainbow table'. If not, it will fail
'Salting' the data with a suitable text string before encryption will significantly reduce the chance of the data being recoverable by such an approach