The error display associated with post #11 suggests that your failure is caused by a "constraint violation" - i.e. you are attempting to enter a record that violates the rules defined for the various fields in that record. You have a null source in a field where data cannot be null.
Before you made this last change that led to this error message, did you have an error of any kind? Or did you have error messages disabled? I refer to the version that you "came back to" after your absence. If you have error messages disabled, enable them IMMEDIATELY so that you can get some evidence.
I hesitate to mention it, but the number of fields in this table is awfully suspicious. I would bet dollars to donuts that the table is not properly normalized. Having said that, the issue for me is that I don't know what to do with this form to duplicate the error. The size of the file wasn't that big, so I doubt it is a capacity error. The prime key is a LONG autonumber, and you only had a handful of records, less than 50, so sizing doesn't seem to be the problem there either.
However, you said this is an MDB. What version of Access are you using to open it?
Also, you said "until this week." By any chance, was it a Wednesday morning when things went haywire? No, that is not a frivolous question. What version of Windows are you running? If you can find the "Windows Update" screen you should be able to find the "Update History" option. Look for a Windows update to have occurred. Microsoft's pattern is to auto-patch on Tuesday nights and they have been patching the heck out of the operating system due to a printer bug that is a proven "hack" vector.
Right now there are too many open possibilities, so we need to start eliminating some of them.