Thank you. That indicates you have the same issue as with two other ODBC reports sent to me yesterday.
Those had provided the detail I needed to pass on to the Access team and I got a response from them in just a few hours.
Very odd that you state this is Current channel version 2604. Current Channel is still on version 2603 19822.20182.
However Current Channel (Preview) is on 2604 19929.20062.
Anyway, the A-team stated that the problems were due to a recent change that 'improved' how Access handles credential caching for ODBC connections. Unfortunately, when a linked table's connection string omits UID/PWD (because it relies on credentials cached by a prior pass-through query), the new code was interpreting the missing credentials as a "change" and so flushed the cached connection. This forced the login prompt.
The A-team is in the process of disabling the recent change to restore the previous behaviour. It may be in place by the time you read this and should take effect without requiring a build update or rollback. You may need to restart Access for this to take effect. Please test & let me know the outcome.
They will next fix the underlying code, so it only flushes the cache when supplied credentials differ from the cache, rather than when they're simply absent from the connection string (as in your situations).
To assist the A-team with this, please could you share the full connection string being used for the pass-through query and the linked table DSN?
If possible please translate that info into English. Any sensitive data such as passwords should be replaced with dummy values - they just need to see the structure and which keys are present (UID, PWD, DRIVER, SERVER, DATABASE, Trusted_Connection etc). This info will be used to validate their fix against the exact scenario.
Feel free to send this info via a direct message if you don’t want that info to be circulated to the entire forum.