In any place that you could have used a table as a recordsource, you can use a query as a recordsource. Therefore, if your proposed use was have the query become a recordsource, the answer is an unequivocal yes.
If you had some other use in mind, you will have to be more specific.
Queries work in place of tables in the table aggregate functions such as DSum, DLookup, DCount, DMax, DMin, etc. etc.
Queries can be recordsources for forms, reports, and datasheet views.
Queries can be recordsources for summation queries, union queries, maketable queries, etc.
The only time queries DON'T work the same is if there is something that cannot be tied back to a unique record or a unique combination of JOINed records when you want to do an update. (Can't attempt to do ambiguous updates or deletes.) This happens most often with summation queries but can happen in other ways too.