Cascade Update
As long as your primary key is not an autonumber, it can be done. You need to establish a relationship and select the enforce Referential Integrity option. That will open up the cascade delete and cascade update options which you also need to select. Once cascade update is applied, any changes you make to the value of a primary key in the parent table will be "cascaded" to the related foreign key in the child table.
If Jet won't allow you to enforce RI, you will need to clean up your data. Once the orphans are eliminated (it's a cruel world), you can go back and enforce RI.