Welp if you want to get into the thick of things there is alot that can be debated but here goes. I best describe by example:
Table one
ID (Integer autonumber prob), Country (text)
Table two
..., Address, Country(integer), .....
Country in table two is ofcourse linked to id in table one. now why do this? Welp a text feild in size is 8 bytes just for being a text feild and then 1 byte for each char. However a integer feild is 2 bytes. You can save alot of space by not repeating a text value over and over in your tables. This also saves on speed and data integrity. I hope this answers your questions as to why to do it this way. There are many theories on data modeling and some people believe that it is too little space to worry about. So ofcours you can come to your own conclusion. I personally beleive that this is always a good Idea and seldom a bad one... if that makes any sense at all. Let me explain it from a more broad point .
Table one.
CustomerID, Customer Name, Customer Address
Table two
OrderID, CustomerID, Items, etc....
Now if you sold more then one order to the same customer you would still be only keeping one address instead of retyping it over and over again. Also if the customers address every changed you would only have to retype it in one place. This is alittle more then what your asking but I figured I would follow the logic. I hope this helps, forgive me for being long winded.
C U l8tr (sorry couldn't resist)