You could try something like this. Suppose your table is "tblReadings", it's primary key is an autonumber field called "ID", and it contains another field called "Meter" containing the meter reading:
SELECT IIf([ID]=1,0,[Meter]-DLookUp("Meter","tblReadings","ID=" & ([ID]-1))) AS Diff FROM tblReadings;
Define a new query in Design View, Close the Add Table dialog, switch to SQL view and paste the above SQL into the query (replacing what was there). Switch to Datasheet view and see what you get.
This assumes the smallest index in your table is 1, and that no indices are missing.
Excel it ain't, because you can only "see" one record at a time.
Jim