Well, my understanding of Windows 10 has just increased a little. Apparently, I changed a display setting a week or two ago that seems to have caused this issue.
What solved the problem, and leads me to believe this, is that after screwing with the display settings, using my laptop monitor as well, then setting things back to a dual external monitor setup, things still didn't work right. Then I noticed this little warning that said some of these settings won't take effect until I sign out and back in. Well, I had already rebooted, so doesn't that constitute a sign out??? Apparently not!
Et Voila! After signing out and back in, my Edge tab text headers were normal, and the design screen in Access was working normal again.
I even check drivers, hardware conflicts, ran a dxdiag, just in case...looking for something.
I hope this helps someone else in the future! Thanks for the quick response, Steve!
Have a great Christmas or Happy Holidays!