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is this standard practice for developers or not?
Two answers, depending on circumstances.
Before I worked for the Navy, I worked for a private company that fabricated ocean-going ship engine room control consoles that were contemporary in appearance (for the 1970s) but that were driven by digital, not mechanical or analog controls. I.e. the consoles were a lot of empty space and bunch of bundled electrical cables, instead of the hydraulic and pneumatic tubing, solenoids, pumps, and other devices used by earlier ship builders.
In that context, we LOVED to get change orders and no, we didn't charge an arm and a leg for them. We were content with their first-born children. Change orders are the icing on the cake for companies that produce a physical product, as we did. And no, you don't make it impossible for the customer to make the decision. You just assure that any "corners" you cut in lowering the cost to win the original contract are filled in nicely by the "design retrofit" charges.
BUT... and this is a big BUT (which makes it sort of like MY big butt)...
If you are in a SERVICE contract, which I was when I was working as a Navy Systems Admin person, the contract will probably include two "gotcha" clauses. First, they will require you to comply with all regulations that may apply regarding the work being done, and that means that if Congress changes regulations (or just the U.S. Dept. of Defense does it), that is an "included" change order. Second, there is usually an "and other work as deemed reasonable and appropriate consistent with the stated goals etc. etc." So you don't HAVE to run backups. You don't HAVE to do O/S patching. You don't HAVE to force users to change passwords. But if you don't, your performance looks like crap (as a system admin) and you will be out of the door at next contract renewal time.
So when you are working service contracts, just remember - you are being paid by the HOUR (about 95% of the time) and if what they request is going to take days - or WEEKS - just be prepared to justify that level of effort. You'd be surprised what you can do when you tell someone his change just required you to void the operating system warranty on his powerful computer. THEN is when the spirit of compromise comes out.
So in summary, change orders are inevitable. How you respond to them depends on what you are serving up to the customer. Remember, you work to make money. Making money to be able to live and play and look to your future is the goal. Right?
My advice is to ALWAYS see change orders as a business opportunity to make money, but be COMPLETELY prepared to justify a high price or a long lead time when you are faced with change orders. Then, the final rule of business... charge them all that the situation will bear. MILK that cash cow.
Hope that makes sense.