Kind of inclined to agree here. Any UI setup that doesn't have all the of checkboxes available to be clicked just seems too painful and repetitive (particularly combo boxes). Is your idea to have all the foods listed next to the check boxes on a single form, and to use VBA to tie all the info together?
"...each family member to be able to go down the list and check the foods they like..."
To be honest, asking anyone to select 500 checkboxes also seems a bit over the top to me. No matter how you present that interface, with checkboxes, combo boxes, etc. 500 selections for anything is just plain overwhelming. Not to mention finding and changing a selection later when they change their minds.
There are other ways to do this, but the one that any experienced relational database developer would recommend is going to be based on the many-to-many approach previously recommended by others here. I know, you don't have to do that, but sooner or later the price of not doing it is going to seem too high.
But then there's another way to do this, as well. Two in fact. One is to include categories of food, and foods within those categories:
Meat, Fish, Poultry
Dairy
Fresh Vegetables
Fresh Fruits
Condiments
and so on. You'll still have hundreds of foods in some of the categories, but that's a more user friendly strategy already.
I suggest, once again, you invest time learning how relational database applications work. Also do a search on Cascading Combo Boxes to get some insights into more user friendly interface designs.
Obviously, you have the final say, but since you came to this forum to ask for advice from experts, that's what you are going to get, expert advice.